山東三所新材料技術(shù)有限公司

       世界上幾乎所有的紡織材料都是可以燃燒的，偽裝網(wǎng)也不例外，即便通過阻燃技術(shù)處理也難以阻止紡織纖維在火焰中燃燒。 只是通過阻燃處理后會(huì)不同程度的降低偽裝網(wǎng)材料的燃燒速度和離開火源后能夠迅速停止燃燒自己熄滅，因此阻燃不是絕對(duì)的而是相對(duì)的。

　　Almost all textile materials in the world are combustible, and camouflage nets are no exception. Even with flame retardant technology, it is difficult to prevent textile fibers from burning in flames. However, after flame retardant treatment, the combustion rate of the camouflage net material will be reduced to varying degrees, and it can quickly stop burning and extinguish itself after leaving the fire source. Therefore, flame retardancy is not absolute but relative.

　　隨著城市現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展，人們對(duì)紡織品的阻燃性能意識(shí)日益提高，為了避免由于紡織品燃燒引起的火災(zāi)事故，避免不必要的損失，紡織品燃燒性能的測試近年來受到世界各國的重視。尤其用于軍事用途的偽裝網(wǎng)毋庸置疑把阻燃性能作為偽裝網(wǎng)最基本的性能要求之一。

　　With the development of urban modernization, people's awareness of the flame retardant performance of textiles is increasing. In order to avoid fire accidents caused by textile combustion and unnecessary losses, the testing of textile combustion performance has received attention from countries around the world in recent years. There is no doubt that flame retardant performance is one of the most basic performance requirements for camouflage nets, especially those used for military purposes.

　　1 、偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料阻燃性能的評(píng)定：

　　1. Evaluation of flame retardant properties of camouflage net textile materials:

　　評(píng)定偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料的可燃性主要從兩方面來考慮：

　　The evaluation of the flammability of camouflage net textile materials is mainly considered from two aspects:

　　一方面是易點(diǎn)燃性，即著火點(diǎn)的高低來判定偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料著火的難易；

　　On the one hand, it is the ease of ignition, which determines the difficulty of the camouflage net textile material catching fire based on the level of ignition point;

　　另一方面是偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料的燃燒性能即阻燃性。

　　On the other hand, the combustion performance of camouflage net textile materials, namely flame retardancy.

　　評(píng)定偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料的燃燒性能存在兩種評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：

　　There are two evaluation criteria for the combustion performance of camouflage net textile materials:

　　一種是從紡織材料的燃燒速率來進(jìn)行評(píng)判。即經(jīng)過阻燃整理的紡織材料按規(guī)定的方法與火焰接觸一定的時(shí)間，然后移去火源，測定紡織材料繼續(xù)有焰燃燒的時(shí)間和無焰燃燒的時(shí)間，以及紡織材料被損毀的程度。有焰燃燒的時(shí)間和無焰燃燒的時(shí)間越短，被損毀的程度越低，則表示紡織材料的阻燃性能越好；反之，則表示紡織材料的阻燃性能不佳。

　　One way is to evaluate based on the combustion rate of textile materials. The textile materials that have undergone flame retardant treatment are exposed to flames for a certain period of time according to the prescribed method, and then the flame source is removed to determine the duration of flame and flameless combustion of the textile materials, as well as the degree of damage to the textile materials. The shorter the time of flame combustion and flameless combustion, the lower the degree of damage, indicating better flame retardant performance of textile materials; On the contrary, it indicates poor flame retardant performance of textile materials.

　　另一種是通過氧指數(shù)，也稱極氧指數(shù)法來進(jìn)行評(píng)判。偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料燃燒都需要氧氣，氧指數(shù)（LOI）是纖維燃燒所需氧氣的表述，通過測定氧指數(shù)即可判定偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料的阻燃性能，氧指數(shù)越高則維持燃燒所需的氧氣濃度越高，則表示越難燃燒。氧指數(shù)法具體是將被夾持紡織材料垂直放入透明燃燒筒中，筒內(nèi)有向上的移動(dòng)氧氮?dú)饬?，點(diǎn)燃紡織材料端隨即觀察燃燒現(xiàn)象，并與規(guī)定的極限比較其持續(xù)燃燒時(shí)間或燃燒的距離，通過不同樣濃度中一系列紡織材料的實(shí)驗(yàn)，可以測得最低氧濃度，氧指數(shù)法較適合用于工藝過程實(shí)驗(yàn)使用。該指數(shù)可用樣品在氮、氧混合氣體中保持燭狀燃燒所需氧氣的最小體積百分?jǐn)?shù)來表示：LOI=氧氣濃度／(氧氣濃度+氮?dú)鉂舛?×100％。氧指數(shù)低于20％屬于易燃纖維，氧指數(shù)在20～26%之間屬于可燃纖維，氧指數(shù)在26～34％之間屬于難燃纖維，氧指數(shù)在35％以上屬不燃纖維。

　　Another method is to evaluate through the oxygen index, also known as the polar oxygen index method. The combustion of camouflage net textile materials requires oxygen, and the oxygen index (LOI) is the expression of the oxygen required for fiber combustion. The flame retardant performance of camouflage net textile materials can be determined by measuring the oxygen index. The higher the oxygen index, the higher the oxygen concentration required to maintain combustion, indicating that combustion is more difficult. The oxygen index method specifically involves placing the clamped textile material vertically into a transparent combustion cylinder, with an upward movement of oxygen and nitrogen airflow inside the cylinder. The end of the textile material is ignited and the combustion phenomenon is observed immediately. The sustained combustion time or distance is compared with the specified limit. Through a series of textile material experiments at different concentrations, the lowest oxygen concentration can be measured. The oxygen index method is more suitable for use in process experiments. This index can be expressed as the minimum volume percentage of oxygen required for a sample to maintain candle shaped combustion in a mixture of nitrogen and oxygen: LOI=oxygen concentration/(oxygen concentration+nitrogen concentration) x 100%. Oxygen index below 20% belongs to flammable fibers, oxygen index between 20-26% belongs to flammable fibers, oxygen index between 26-34% belongs to flame retardant fibers, and oxygen index above 35% belongs to non combustible fibers.

　　2 、偽裝網(wǎng)阻燃性能的測試方法：

　　2. Test method for flame retardant performance of camouflage nets:

　　燃燒測試方法多種多樣，各種測試方法的測試結(jié)果之間難以相互比較，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果僅能在一定程度上說明紡織材料燃燒性能的優(yōu)劣。

　　There are various combustion testing methods, and the test results of each method are difficult to compare with each other. The experimental results can only to some extent explain the advantages and disadvantages of the combustion performance of textile materials.

　　燃燒實(shí)驗(yàn)法主要用來測試偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料的燃燒　　廣度（炭化面積和損毀長度）、續(xù)燃時(shí)間和陰燃時(shí)間。根據(jù)偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料與火焰的相對(duì)位置，可分為垂直法、傾斜法和水平法。

　　Breadth (carbonization area and damage length), reignition time, and smoldering time. According to the relative position between the camouflage net textile material and the flame, it can be divided into vertical method, inclined method, and horizontal method.

　　我國目前對(duì)于偽裝網(wǎng)阻燃性能的測式主要使用GB／T5455～1997《紡織品燃燒性能試驗(yàn)垂直法》。其原理是將一定尺寸的偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料垂直置于規(guī)定的燃燒試驗(yàn)箱中，用規(guī)定的火源點(diǎn)燃12秒，移開火源后測定偽裝網(wǎng)紡織材料的續(xù)燃時(shí)間和陰燃時(shí)間，陰燃停止后按規(guī)定的方法測出損毀長度。該方法可用于服裝織物、裝飾織物、帳篷織物等的阻燃性能。

　　At present, China mainly uses GB/T5455-1997 "Vertical method for testing the flame retardant performance of camouflage nets". The principle is to place a certain size of camouflage net textile material vertically in a specified combustion test chamber, ignite it with a specified fire source for 12 seconds, remove the fire source, and measure the sustained combustion time and smoldering time of the camouflage net textile material. After the smoldering stops, measure the length of damage according to the specified method. This method can be used for the flame retardant performance of clothing fabrics, decorative fabrics, tent fabrics, etc.

　　45°傾斜法適用于飛機(jī)內(nèi)裝飾用布。

　　The 45 ° tilt method is suitable for aircraft interior decoration fabrics.

　　水平法適用于地毯之類的鋪墊織物和汽車內(nèi)飾織物。

　　The horizontal method is applicable to bedding fabrics such as carpets and automotive interior fabrics.

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